Background
Poor Louis Renault didn’t have a good war. Shortly after France was liberated Louis was summarily arrested as a Nazi collaborator in 1944. Like many captains of industry in Vichy France, Louis was faced with the Hobson’s choice of working with the invaders or facing decimation of his industrial empire and deportation of his workers. Just four weeks after his incarceration Louis died, possibly from ill health and possibly not. Louis’s vast conglomerate was nationalised following his death and bone-fide resistance hero Pierre-André Lefaucheux was installed at the organisation’s Chairman.
Lefaucheux wasn’t a dyed in the wool car enthusiast and, even following this high-profile appointment, he preferred to navigate Parisien streets by push-bike. Luckily for all involved, and despite this predilection, Lefaucheux was soon heavily involved in the development of the pivotal 4CV, the first French car to sell over 1M units. As the strictures of the global war slowly receded and the standard of French living started to creep upwards, Lefaucheux felt that the utilitarian 4CV was becoming out of step with this dawning era. In collaboration with engineer, Fernand Picard, Lefaucheux turned his mind to a model that would be more capable of exploiting the new French Autoroute network that was just starting to be rolled out. In 1951 Renault commissioned a survey and the results helped shaped the brief for the new car. In essence it should be capable of reaching 110 km/h on the Autoroute, seat four adults in comfort and achieve at least 40 mpg on average.
Over the next five years Renault engineers worked tirelessly to hit and exceed this tight brief. Extensive test track and real world testing was used extensively to fully develop the car now known at the Dauphine. Lefaucheux remained very close to the progress of testing, but tragedy would soon strike. In February 1955, Lefaucheux lost control of his Renault Fregate and was killed by his own unsecured luggage. As such the Dauphine would launch later in 1955 with its key cheerleader-in-chief, sadly not in attendance. The car would prove hugely successful and a total of 2,150,738 Dauphines were produced over a 10 year period.








